Content
1. Introduction to Criminology
1.1 Understanding criminal behaviour
1.2 Theories of crime causation
1.3 White collar crime
1.4 White collar crime and crimes of the middle class
1.5 Occupational crime and related criminology theories
1.6 Organisational crime and the related criminology theories
1.7 Fraud/Corruption study – cost, how fraud is committed, detection, victims, perpetrators, red flags, presence/absence of internal controls and commission of fraud
1.8 Perpetrators of fraud/corruption and white collar crime.
2. Introduction to Fraud Prevention and Detection
2.1 Introduction fraud and corruption
2.2 Red flags of fraud and corruption
2.3 Effects of fraud and corruption
2.4 Why fraud occur and the root causes of fraud
2.5 Fraud prevention versus internal controls
2.6 Types of basic controls
2.7 Types of fraud related controls
2.8 Strong and weak controls versus effective controls
3. Fraud Prevention Programs
3.1 Promoting fraud prevention to board and management
3.2 Anti-Fraud Policy
3.3 Increasing the perception of detection
3.4 Analytical review procedures
3.5 Fraud assessment
3.6 Surprise audits
3.7 Proactive forensic audits and fraud audits
3.8 Fraud awareness training and education
3.9 Reporting programs
3.10 Enforcement of mandatory vacations
3.11 Job rotation policy
3.12 Effective management oversight
3.13 Tone at the top
3.14 Fair personnel practices and employee support programs
3.15 Open door policies
3.16 Organisation structure
3.17 Ethics based metrics and performance goals and evaluation
3.18 Response to fraudulent activities
4. Corporate Governance – Responsibility for Fraud Prevention
4.1 The role of corporate governance in fighting fraud and corruption
4.2 Principles of corporate governance
4.3 Organisation of Economic Corporation Development (OECD) Principles of corporate governance
4.4 Treadway commission
4.5 Mwongozo – The code of governance for state corporations
5. Management – Fraud Related Responsibilities
5.1 Vicarious or imputed liabilities
5.2 COSO – internal controls – Integrated framework
5.3 Anti – Fraud and corruption policy
5.4 Effective compliance and ethics program
5.5 Fraud prevention health check up
6. Auditors’ Fraud Related Responsibilities
6.1 International standards on auditing (ISA240) – Auditor’s Responsibilities Relating to Fraud in an audit of financial Statements
6.2 International standards on auditing (ISA 315 Understanding the entity and its environment
6.3 International standards on auditing (ISA 200) Professional Scepticism
6.4 International standards on auditing (ISA 330)
6.5 The international organisation of securities commissions
6.6 The public interest oversight board
6.7 Institute of internal auditors – Professional Practice Standards related to fraud – Standard 1210 – 2130
6.8 Internal auditor’s role in fighting fraud
6.9 The auditors’ (internal and external) responsibility for auditing value for money in government audits
7. Ethics for Forensic Auditors/Investigators
7.1 Introduction to ethics
7.2 General ethics
7.3 Professional ethics
7.4 Morality, ethics and legality
7.5 Examiners/investigators code of professional ethics
7.5.1 Commitment to professionalism and diligence
7.5.2 Illegal, unethical and conflict of interest
7.5.3 Integrity
7.5.4 Complying with lawful orders
7.5.5 Expression of opinions/ guilt or innocence
7.5.6 Confidentiality
7.5.7 Prohibition of concealment of material matters
7.5.8 Continuous practical education
8. Case Study
The candidate will be required to do case study on:
• Conduct a fraud prevention health check on a sample origination.
• Score the seven criteria of evaluation
• Identify the fraud prevention gaps
• Make recommendations on how to seal the gaps
• Identify a scenario for a fraud examiner where there is no specific code conduct
